Slide Hampton was a trombonist, arranger, and composer with skills very few could match. He could take a small band and make it sound like an orchestra — not just in vastness, but in excitement, impression and intricate layers of sound. His arrangements found the visceral core of bebop classics and revealed their stunning beauty and spine-tingling glory. When he raised his horn to solo, the results were always impressive: a deep mix of profound blues and complex technique. He was a true original.
Hampton died on Nov. 18 at his home in Orange, N.J. His son, Lamont Hampton, confirmed his death without providing a cause.
Though he never achieved the fame of J.J. Johnson, a formative influence, Hampton was revered as a modern jazz trombonist; in passing, critic Gary Giddins once proclaimed him “perhaps the most underrated bebop virtuoso soloist alive.” Nate Chinen, reviewing a Hampton concert for the New York Times in 2006, noted his “full and slightly foggy sound, warm and mellow even in the upper reaches of his range.”
But it was as an arranger, especially for big band, that Hampton received his proper due. His two Grammy Awards came in arranging categories: Best Jazz Arrangement Accompanying Vocalist(s), behind Dee Dee Bridgewater in 1997, and Best Instrumental Arrangement, for “Past Present & Future,” on an album with the Vanguard Jazz Orchestra in 2004.
Appraising the latter recording for the Village Voice, Francis Davis wrote: “As a composer and orchestrator, he’s far more conventional than Bob Brookmeyer — rather than voicing across sections, à la [Duke] Ellington or Gil Evans, he’ll pit brass against reeds in predictable fashion. But his charts swing like crazy, and few writers active today get as much color out of a handful of simple riffs or push soloists along with less fuss.”
The National Endowment for the Arts recognized Hampton as an NEA Jazz Master in 2005. This past June, the Jazz Foundation of America honored him with its Lifetime Achievement Award.
Locksley Wellington Hampton was born on April 21, 1932, in Jeannette, PA. He had 11 siblings, and his musician parents had each learn an instrument, creating a family combo that went on tour. He later recalled that through a content run by the Pittsburgh Courier, the Hampton family band's first proper performance was at Carnegie Hall; they opened for vibraphonist Lionel Hampton (no relation).
As a child, Hampton excelled on the trombone even though he was given a left-handed instrument, and he was naturally a righty. He continued to play left-handed throughout his distinguished career — picking up his self-explanatory nickname, Slide, early on.
After his family relocated to Indianapolis, Hampton attended Crispus Attucks High School, the same school as trombone greats David Baker and J. J. Johnson. His career hit the fast track almost as soon as he graduated. He played and arranged for Maynard Ferguson’s big band in the late 1950s, and caught a big break in ‘58 playing alongside trombone great Melba Liston on her lone solo album, Melba Liston and Her ‘Bones.
From there, Hampton worked with drummers Art Blakey, Max Roach and Mel Lewis; pianists Tadd Dameron and Barry Harris; and trumpeter Thad Jones, among many others. Speaking with David Brent Johnson of Indiana Public Media for a 2007 program called Slide at 75, he said he’d been influenced in particular by the editions of Blakey’s Jazz Messengers with a three-horn front line. That blend led him to organize his horn lines in separate registers, creating the illusion of immensity. It is evident on “Newport,” a piece from an early Hampton recording, Two Sides of Slide.
Hampton recorded sporadically as a leader, but he was active in all kinds of music. He served as a musical director at Motown, working with Stevie Wonder and The Four Tops. When the jazz economy reached a low ebb in the ‘60s, he relocated to Europe, where he collaborated with fellow expats, notable tenor saxophonists Dexter Gordon and Johnny Griffin. Returning to the States, Hampton connected deeply with Dizzy Gillespie, becoming music director for Gillespie’s 75th Anniversary band. He later scored a Grammy nomination for his arrangement of “Stardust,” recorded by the Dizzy Gillespie All-Star Big Band.
As a jazz educator, Hampton was active at Harvard University, DePaul and several other institutions. According to Peter Lin, who first contacted Hampton for an interview for his graduate thesis, and later became his assistant: “Without Slide Hampton, I would not be playing trombone today, and I think many other musicians would feel the same sentiment.”
Lin continues: “His deep melodic statements, keen sense of harmony, and impeccable sense of time continues to amaze me, and I can't listen to a single recording of him without feeling the need to practice myself.”
Alto saxophonist Todd Bashore, who met Hampton as a high school student, similarly attests to a lasting impression. “Slide is harmonically one of my biggest influences as an arranger,” Bashore reflects. “He is coming out of the bebop tradition but is so creative with how he reharmonizes things. The way he mixes some more modern polychords in with traditional bebop harmony always amazed me.”
Trombonist and composer Ryan Keberle, first worked with Hampton as a fellow educator: in 2003, appointed the first director of Jazz Band Classic, an outgrowth of New York Youth Symphony, he invited Hampton to be a guest soloist in a concert at Carnegie Hall. “I’ve never met a more humble, supportive, generous, and inspiring human being,” Keberle says. “And, of course, his trombone playing, compositional prowess, and expert arranging skills are something that continue to inspire me to this day and something I strive to emulate in my own music. I think about the lessons I’ve learned from Slide on a regular basis.”
In his own NEA Jazz Masters interview, conducted in 2007 by Molly Murphy, Hampton offered a reflection on the importance of weighing life experience as an artist. “The creativity is an important thing, but the expression is more important,” he said. “It doesn’t matter whether you are composing many notes, it just matters that those notes have a lot of meaning and that you express yourself individually in a way that makes the music have some effect on the people that are listening to it, including yourself.”
Photograph used with permission; see govertdriessen.com.